ๆฌๆใธในใญใใ
WATCH SEALAND ON 60 MINUTES:
A GLIMPSE INTO THE WORLD'S SMALLEST STATE!
We're overjoyed to share the fantastic feature on Sealand by 60 Minutes! A heartfelt thank you to Jon Wertheim, Michael H. Gavshon, Nadim Roberts, and the entire 60 Minutes team for showcasing our unique nation's journey. From our sovereign beginnings to our contemporary pursuits, this feature truly captures the essence of Sealand. Join us in celebrating our story, as we continue to uphold our motto 'E Mare Libertas' - From The Sea, Freedom.
็งใใกใฎ่ฆๅกใฎๆใ็ซใก
็ฌฌไบๆฌกไธ็ๅคงๆฆไธญใใคใฎใชในๆฟๅบใฏใใคใใฎไพต็ฅใใ่ชๅฝใฎๆตทๅฒธใๅฎใใใใซใๅๆตทใซ่คๆฐใฎ่ฆๅกๅณถใ็ฏใใพใใใ ใใฎไธญใซใฏใๅฝ้ๆฐดๅใซ้ๆณใซ่จญใใใใใใฎใใใใพใใใ
ใใใใ่ฆๅกใซใฏใใใคใใฎ่ช็ฉบๆฉใใใตใคใซใๆๅขใใใใใฎๅฏพ็ฉบๅ
ตๅจใ้็จใป็ถญๆใใใใใซๅๅใชๅ
ตๅใ้
ๅใใใฆใใพใใใ ่ฆๅกใฏใใคใฎใชใน้ ๆตท็ทใซๆฒฟใฃใฆใๆฑๅฒธๅดใซ่จญใใใใฆใใพใใใ ใใใใใใณใณใฏใชใผใใ้้ชจใงๅปบ่จญใใใ่ฆๅกใฎ1ใคใใ็พๅจใๅบใ็ฅใใใฆใใใๅๆตทใฎใฉใในใฟใฏใผใงใใ ใใฎ่ฆๅกใฏใๅฝๅใคใฎใชในใฎ้ ๆตทๅ
ใซ่จญ็ฝฎใใใไบๅฎใงใใใใๅฝๆๅฝ้็ใซ่ชใใใใฆใใ้ ๆตท็ฏๅฒ3ใใคใซใๅไปฅไธ่ถ
้ใใใ็ด7ๆตท้ใฎๆตทๅฒธใซ่จญ็ฝฎใใใพใใใ ่ฆใใใซใใใฎ่ฆๅกใฏๅๆตทใฎๅฝ้ๆฐดๅใซไธๆณใซ็ฏใใใฆใใใฎใงใใใใใใๆฆๆไธญใงใใฃใใใใใใฎใใใช่ฆๅถใฏ่ฆ้ใใใใพใใใ ็ฌฌไบๆฌกไธ็ๅคงๆฆๅพใใคใฎใชในๆตท่ปๆฌ้จใซใใฃใฆใใในใฆใฎ่ฆๅกใใๆตท่ป้ๅกใๅผใๆใใใใพใใใ ใใฎๅพใใคใฎใชในใ่ฆๅกใซๅใณไบบๅกใ้
็ฝฎใใใใจใฏใชใใ่ฆๅกใฏ้ขจ้จใซใใใใใไธปๆจฉใฏๆพๆฃใใใฆใใพใใใ ๅ่ฟฐใฎ่ฆๅกใ้คใใใคใฎใชในใฎ้ ๆตทใฎ็ฏๅฒๅคใซ่จญ็ฝฎใใใ่ฆๅกใฏใใฎๅพๅใๅฃใใใพใใใ ใใฎ็ตๆใๅ
ฌๆตทใซ้ขใใ่ฆๅกใฉใในใฟใฏใผใฏใใres derelictใใterra nullisใใจๅผใฐใใใปใฉๆพ็ฝฎใใใ็ฐๆงใชๅญๅจใจใชใใพใใใ ๆณๅพใฎ่ฆณ็นใใ่ฆใใจใใใฎ่ฆๅกใฏ่ถ
ๅฝๅฎถ็ใช้ ๅใจไฝ็ฝฎไปใใใใฆใใพใใใ ใใใๅ ้ ใธใฎ้็ญใจใชใใพใใใ
ใทใผใฉใณใ่ช็
60ๅนดไปฃๅ้ ญใ่ฑๅฝ้ธ่ปใฎๅฐไฝใ ใฃใใญใคใปใใคใใฏใๆฒๅใซใใๆงๆตท่ปใฎ่ฆๅกใใใใฏใปใธใงใณใใซใฉใธใชๅฑใ่จญ็ซใใใใใฎๅ ดๆใฏใBBCใซใใๆญฃๅผใชๆพ้ใใ่ชใใใใฆใใชใใฃใๅฝๆใฎๅณใใๆพ้่ฆๅถใๅ้ฟใใใใใฎใใฎใงใใฃใใ
ใญใคใฎๆพ้ๅฑใใฉใธใชใปใจใปใใฏในใใใฏใใใจใใไปใฎๆพ้ๅฑใฏใใกใใฃใขใใใๆตท่ณใฉใธใชๅฑใใจใใฆ่ฆชใใพใใๅฝๆใฎBBCใซใชใใใใใใฅใผใธใใฏใ้ข็ฝใใใฌใผใณใฟใผใๆไพใใใคใฎใชในๅฝๆฐใซๆใใใพใใใใใฎๅพใใญใคใฏ่ฑๅฝๆฟๅบใจๆณๅปท้ไบใ็นฐใๅบใใใใฎๅๆณๆงใซ็ๅใๅใใไธๆๅใซ็ตใใฃใใใใฎ็ตๆใ"Knock John "ใฏใคใฎใชในใฎ็ฎก่ฝใซๅฑใใใจๅคๆญใใใใๆซๆใๅณใใฃใใญใคใฏใ้ธๆ่ขใๆค่จใใใใใใซๆฒๅใซใฏใใใใใฏใปใธใงใณใใจๅใๆง้ ใฎๅป่ฆๅกใใฉใใบใปใฟใฏใผใใใใใใใใ่ฑๅฝใฎ็ฎก่ฝๆจฉใงใใ3ใใคใซใฎ็ฏๅฒๅคใงใใฃใใใญใคใฏใ1966ๅนดใฎใฏใชในใในใคใใซใไผ็ ใใฆใใใฉใธใชๅฑใๅพฉๆดปใใใใคใใใงใใฉใใบใปใฟใฏใผใๅ ๆ ใใใใจใซใใใใใใใใใฎๆใใญใคใฏๅ
จใๅฅใฎ่จ็ปใๆใใคใใใฎใงใใใๅผ่ญทๅฃซใจ็ธ่ซใใ็ตๆใใญใคใฏใใฎ่ฆๅกๅณถใ็ฌ็ซๅฝๅฎถใใทใผใฉใณใใใจใใๅฐ็ใฎไธ้จใงใใใใใฉใปใใชใขในใ๏ผ่ชฐใใใชใๅๅฐ๏ผใซๅฏพใใฆใใฆในใปใฒใณใใฆใ ใ๏ผๅฝ้ๆณ๏ผใไธปๅผตใใใใจใซใใใ1967ๅนด9ๆ2ๆฅใใญใคใฏ่ช็ๆฅใ่ฟใใๅฆปใธใงใผใณใๆฏๅญใใคใฑใซ๏ผ14ๆญณ๏ผใๅจใใใญใ๏ผ16ๆญณ๏ผใใใใฆๆฐไบบใฎๅไบบใไฟกๅฅ่
ใไผดใฃใฆใใทใผใฉใณใๅ
ฌๅฝใๅฎฃ่จใใพใใใใใฎๅฝใฎๅปบๅฝใฏใๆฐใใใใถใคใณใใใๅฝๆใฎๆฒๆใจใ่ช็ๆฅใจใใๆฅตใใฆใญใใณใใใฏใชๆผๅบใงใๆใใๅฆปใซๆฐใใ็งฐๅทใไธใใใใฎ็ฌ้ใใใใธใงใผใณ็ๅฅณใใจๅผใฐใใใใใซใชใใพใใใ
ใใคใๅฎถใ่ฆๅฎใไธญใๅคงใใช็็บใซใใๅทจๅคงใชๆง้ ็ฉใๆฐ็พใใฃใผใใฎ้ซใใพใง่ใไธใใใพใใใ
้ฃๅใใกใๆฝๅจ็ใชใใคใฎใชในๆฑๆตทๅฒธๆฒใฎใญใฅใผใใใจ่กจ็พใใๅญๅจใๅใๅ ฅใใใใใซใฏใใใชใใจใคใฎใชในๆฟๅบใๅคๆญใใใฎใฏใใใใใ้ใใชใใฎใใจใงใใใ ๅ ฌๆตทไธใซๅญๅจใใๆฎใใฎ่ฆๅกใใในใฆ็ ดๅฃใใใใใซใ่ปใ้ใใใซๆดพ้ฃใใใพใใใ
ใทใผใฉใณใใฎไธปๆจฉใใใใๆป้ฒ
็ฌ็ซๅฎฃ่จใใใปใฉใชใใใฆใใญใคใฎๆฏๅญใฎใใคใฑใซๅ
ฌๅญใฏใ้ใ็ซ็็ถใๆ่ฃฝใฎใใตใคใซๅผพใชใฉใ้งไฝฟใใฆใ7ๅใซๅใถๆญฆๅไพตๆปใๆ้ใใพใใใ 1968ๅนดๅพๅใใคใฎใชในๆฟๅบใฏ่ชๅฝใใ7ใใคใซ้ขใใๅฐ็นใซใใใทใผใฉใณใใจใใใฎๆฐใใชๅฝใซ้ข้ฃใใๆฝๅจ็ใชๅ้กใ่ช่ญใใ่คๆฐใฎ้ ๅใง็ใๆฎใใใใใๆฆใใซใทใผใฉใณใใฏ่บซใๆใใใใจใซใชใใพใใใ
ใใฎๆฐ่ๅฝใๆถๆป
ใใใในใใใคใฎใชในๆฟๅบใฏใ่ปใซใญใคๅคงๅ
ฌใฎๆ้คใจใฉใในใฟใฏใผใฎ็ ดๅฃใๅฝใใพใใใ ใคใฎใชใน่ปใฏใ่ชใๅ
ฌๆตทไธใซไธๆณใซ่ฆๅกใ่จญ็ฝฎใใไปฅไธใๅ็บใๆใใฆใใใฎๅ้กใ่ฟ
้ใใคๅทงๅฆใซ่งฃๆฑบใใใใจใใใฎใงใใ ใคใฎใชในใฎ่ป่ฆใฏใใญใคๅคงๅ
ฌใฎไธปๅผตใใ้ ๆตทใซ่คๆฐๅใซใใใ็ซใกๅ
ฅใใพใใใ ใคใฎใชในๆตท่ปใฏใ่ฆๅกใๆญฆๅใง่คๆฐๅ๏ผใใฎใใกไธๅใฏๆฌบ็ใ็จใใฆ๏ผๆป็ฅใใใใจใใพใใใๅคฑๆใซ็ตใใใๆ็ต็ใซๆค้ใซ่ฟฝใ่พผใพใใพใใใ ใพใใใทใผใฉใณใ้ ๆตทใซไพตๅ
ฅใใใคใฎใชในๆฟๅบใฎ่น่ถใซๅฏพใใใใคใฑใซๅ
ฌๅญใ่ญฆๅๅฐๆใ่กใใชใฉๆญๅบใจใใ้ฒ่กๆช็ฝฎใ่ฌใใใจใใไบๆ
ใ่ตทใใใพใใใ ใใคใฑใซๅ
ฌๅญใฏใพใ ใคใฎใชในๅฝ็ฑใงใใฃใใใใๅธฐๅฝๅพใ่คๆฐใฎ็ฝชใซๅใใใ่ฑๅฝใฎๆณๅปทใซๅฌๅใใใใใจใจใชใใพใใใ ใใฎ่จด่จใงใฏใ็ตๆใจใใฆใทใผใฉใณใใฎไธปๆจฉไธปๅผตใ่ฏใ
ใใๆๅใใพใใใ 1968ๅนด11ๆ25ๆฅใ่ฃๅคๆใฏใ่ฑๅฝ้ ใฎๅคใงใฏใใใชใๅธๆณๆจฉใ่กไฝฟใงใใชใใใใใทใผใฉใณใใฎใญใคใจใใคใฑใซใฎไบไปถใซใฏ็ฎก่ฝๆจฉใๆใใชใใจใใๅคๆฑบใไธใใพใใใ ใใใใทใผใฉใณใๅ
ฌๅฝใไบๅฎไธๆๅใซๆฟ่ชใใๅบๆฅไบใจใชใใพใใใ ใคใฎใชในใฎๆณๅพใงใฏใใทใผใฉใณใใฏใคใฎใชในใฎไธ้จใงใฏใชใใไปใฎๅฝใใทใผใฉใณใใ้ ๆใใฆใใชใใจใใใฆใใใใใใญใคๅคงๅ
ฌใฎๆฐๅฝๅฎถๆจน็ซๅฎฃ่จใฏไบๅฎไธๆฏๆใใใใฎใงใใ 1990ๅนดใซใฏใใทใผใฉใณใใฎ่ฟใใง่นใ่ฟทใ่พผใฟใใทใผใฉใณใใใๅใณ่ญฆๅๅฐๆใ่กใใใใจใใไบๆ
ใ็บ็ใใพใใใ ่นๅกใฏใคใฎใชในๅฝๅฑใซๆ่ญฐใใๅ
จๅฝ็ดใซใใฎไบไปถใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใๆฒ่ผใใใพใใใ ใใฃใจใใใคใฎใชในใฏ้ๅจใๅณใใ็ฆๆญขใใใฆใใใซใใใใใใใใคใฎใชในๅฝๅฑใฏใใฎๅ้กใ่ฟฝๅใใใใจใฏใใใพใใใงใใใ ใใฎๅบๆฅไบใฏใใคใฎใชในใใทใผใฉใณใใ่ชๅฝใฎ็ฎก่ฝๅคใงใใใจใฟใชใใฆใใใใจใๆ็ขบใซ็คบใใใฎใงใใ
ๆฐใใชๅฝใฅใใ
1975ๅนด9ๆ25ๆฅใใญใคๅคงๅ
ฌใฏใทใผใฉใณใๅ
ฌๅฝๆฒๆณใๅ
ฌๅธใใพใใใ
ใใฎๅพใๅฝๆญใๅๆใชใฉใฎๅฝใฎ่ฒก็ฃใ็ใฟๅบใใใ้่ฒจใ้่ฒจใใทใผใฉใณใใปใใซใจใใฆ้ณ้ ใใใพใใใ ใทใผใฉใณใๅ
ฌๅฝใฎใในใใผใใฏใๅ
ฌๅฝใฎๆ็ซใจๅญ็ถใซ่ฒข็ฎใใใๅคใใฎๆนใ
ใซๅใใฆไฝๆใป็บ่กใใใพใใใ
ใฏใผใใฟใผ
1978ๅนด8ๆใใใคใไบบๅฎๆฅญๅฎถใซ้ใใใใชใฉใณใไบบใจใใคใไบบใๅคๆฐใทใผใฉใณใใซใใฃใฆใใพใใใๅฝผใใฏใใธใในใฎๆๆกใจใใๅ็ฎใง่จชใญใฆใใพใใใใใใใฏ็ญ็ฅใงใๅฎ้ใฎใจใใๅฝผใใฏ้ซๅบฆใช่จ็ทดใๅใใๅญๅ ตใงใใใ
ๅฝผใใฏใใญใคๅคงๅ
ฌใฎๅฑ
ใชใ้ใซๆฏๅญใฎใใคใฑใซใ่ชๆใใใทใผใฉใณใใๆญฆๅใงๅฅชๅใใพใใใ ใใฎใใญใชในใใใกใฏใใใคใฑใซๅ
ฌๅญใฎๆ่ถณใ็ธใฃใใใใๆฐๆฅ้็ฃ็ฆใใๆ็ต็ใซๆฌไบบใฎๆๆใซๅใใฆใใญใผใซๆผ่นใซไนใใพใใใ ใใญใผใซ่นใใชใฉใณใใซๅฐ็ใใๅพใใใคใฑใซๅ
ฌๅญใฏ็ถใงใใใญใคๅคงๅ
ฌใซๅไผใใใใใซใคใฎใชในใซๆปใใพใใใ ๆฉ้ใใใใฉใคใใณใไฝๆฆใใจใใใณใผใใใผใ ใงใใทใผใฉใณใๅฅช้่จ็ปใ็ทดใใใพใใใ ๆใๅฟ ๅฎใใค้ซๅบฆใช่จ็ทดใๅใใใทใผใฉใณใใฎๅธๆฐใๆ้ใใใไผ่ชฌใฎใใทใผใฉใณใ็นๆฎ้จ้ใใ่ช็ใใใฎใงใใ ใใฎใใใๆฐๆฅๅพใไฝๆฆใฏๆฑบ่กใใใพใใใ ๅคๆใใฎใใชใณใใฟใผใซใใๅคง่ใชๆปๆใงใไพต็ฅ่
ใฏ็กๆกไปถ้ไผใใใซ่ณใใพใใใ
ใใฎๅบๆฅไบใซใคใใฆใๅฏไธใฎ็ๅฎใฎ่จ้ฒใฏใใใคใฑใซๅ
ฌๅญใฎ่ๆธใHolding the Fortใใฎไธญใงๅๆณใใใฆใใพใใใใกใใใใ่ฆงใใใ ใใพใ
ไพต็ฅ่
ใฏๆ่ใจใใฆๆๆใใใพใใใ ใใฎ้ใใใคใใใชใฉใณใใฎๆฟๅบใใ้ๆพใฎ่ซ้กใๅบใใใพใใใ ๅฝๅใๅฝผใใฏใคใฎใชในใซไปๅ
ฅใๆฑใใพใใใใใใใใคใฎใชในๆฟๅบใฏๅ
ใฎๅคๆฑบใๆ นๆ ใซใทใผใฉใณใ้ ใซใฏไฝใใฎๆจฉ้ใๆใใชใใจใใฆใใงใใใใจใฏไฝใใชใใจๅ็ญใใพใใใ ใธใฅใใผใๆก็ดใงๆ่ใฎ่งฃๆพใ็พฉๅใฅใใใใฆใใใใจใใใๆฆไบใฎ็ต็ตๅพใใญใคๅคงๅ
ฌใฏใชใฉใณใไบบใ่งฃๆพใใพใใใ ไธๆนใใคใไบบใซ้ขใใฆใฏใใทใผใฉใณใใฎใในใใผใใๆๆใใฆใใพใใใ ใใฎใใใใทใผใฉใณใใงๅ้็ฝชใฎ่ฃๅคใซใใใใใใใจใซใชใใพใใใ ๆ็ฝชใ็ขบๅฎใใๅฝผใฏใใผในใฟใฏใผใฎไธใซใใใทใผใฉใณใใฎๅๅๆใซ้ทๆ้ๅ็ฃใใใใใจใซใชใใพใใใ ใใฎๅพใใใคใใฏใทใผใฉใณใใฎไธปๆจฉใไบๅฎไธๆฟ่ชใใๅคไบคๅฎใใใชใณใใฟใผใง็ดๆฅใทใผใฉใณใใซ้ใ่พผใฟใๅฝๆฐใฎ่งฃๆพใไบคๆธใใใจใใ้ฉใในใ่กๅใซๅบใใฎใงใใ ใญใคๅคงๅ
ฌใฏใๅๆใง็ ็ฒ่
ใๅบใชใใฃใใใจใซๆ่ฌใใใพใใทใผใฉใณใใฎ่ฉๅคใๆใชใใใใฎใ้ฒใใใใซใใๅ้่
ใจใชใฃใใใคใไบบใ้ๆพใใพใใใ
้ ๆตทใฎๆกๅผต
1987ๅนด10ๆ1ๆฅใ ใคใฎใชในใฏ้ ๆตทใ3ๆตท้ใใ12ๆตท้ใซๆกๅผตใใพใใใ ใใฎๅๆฅใ ใญใคๅคงๅ
ฌใฏใใฎๅใใ่ฆ่ถใใฆใๅคๆดใใใทใผใฉใณใใธใฎ่ช่กๆจฉใ่ฑๅฝใฎ้ ๆตท๏ผใทใผใฉใณใใฏ่ฑๅฝๆฒฟๅฒธใใ็ด7ใใคใซ๏ผใซ้ปใพใใชใใใใใทใผใฉใณใใฎ้ ๆตทใ12ใใคใซใซๆกๅผตใใใใจใๅฎฃ่จใใพใใ
ใคใฎใชในใจใทใผใฉใณใใฎ้ใงใฏใ้่คใใๆฐดๅใๅๅฒใใๆก็ดใฏ็ท ็ตใใใฆใใพใใใใไธ่ฌ็ใซใฏไธกๅฝใฎๆฐดๅใ็ใไธญใงๅใใๆน้ใๆณๅฎใใใฆใใพใใ ๅฝ้ๆณไธใ
ๆตทไธใฎๆจฉๅฉใๆกๅผตใใ้ใซๆฐใใชๅๅฐใ้ ๆใใใใจใฏ่ชใใใใฆใใชใใใใใทใผใฉใณใใฎไธปๆจฉใฏๅฎๅ
จใซใๆพๅ
ใใใใพใใใ ไธๆญฉ้้ใใฐใๅฝ้ๆณใ็ ดใฃใฆใใใๅฐใใชๅฝใใใใ่ช็ฅๅบฆใฎไฝใๅฝใฎ้ ๅใใในใฆ้ ๆใใๅฃๅฎใจใใฆๅฉ็จใใใใจ่ฉฆใฟใๅฝใ็พใใใใใใใพใใใใๅฎ้ใฏใใใฏใชใใพใใใงใใใ ใคใฎใชในใฏใทใผใฉใณใใๅฅชใใใจใฏใใฆใใใใใคใฎใชในๆฟๅบใฏ็พๅจใใทใผใฉใณใใ็ฌ็ซๅฝใจใใฆๆฑใฃใฆใใพใใ
2000'S: ใใผใฟใจ็ฝๅฎณ
1999ๅนดๅ้ ญใใขใกใชใซใฎ่ฅใ่ตทๆฅญๅฎถใใใใคใฑใซๅ
ฌๅญใซใใคใใณใณโใฎๆงๆณใๅฃฒใ่พผใฟใพใใใ ใใฎๅๆใฏใใทใผใฉใณใใซใคใณใฟใผใใใใตใผใใผใ่จญ็ฝฎใใใใจใงใไปๅฝใใใฎๆค้ฒใๅใใใซใคใณใฟใผใใใใๅฉ็จใใใใจใใงใใใใใซใชใใจใใใใฎใงใใ
2000ๅนดใใใใใณใ ใใผใ ใฎไธญใๅฅ็ด็ท ็ตใ่ณ้่ชฟ้ใ่กใใใใทใผใฉใณใใซใใคใใณใณโใ่จญ็ซใใใญใณใใณใใขใ ในใใซใใ ใซใๆ ็นใๆงใใใใจใซใชใใพใใใ ่จๅคงใชๆฐใฎใตใผใใผใฉใใฏใซๅฏพๅฟใใใใใใพใใใใญใธใงใฏใใฎใญใธในใใฃใฏในใฎ่ฆๆฑใซๅฟใใใใใใคใณใใฉใฎๅคง่ฆๆจกใชใขใใใฐใฌใผใใๆฌๆ ผ็ใซๅงใพใใพใใใ ่กๆๅ็ทใใใคใฏใญๆณขๅ็ทใ่จญ็ฝฎใใใขใกใชใซใใคใฎใชในใใจใผใญใใใใ็ด25ๅใฎๅพๆฅญๅกใใทใผใฉใณใใซ็งปไฝใใใตใผใใน้ๅงใฎๆบๅใ้ฒใใพใใใ ใใคใใณใณโใฏไธ็็ใชใกใใฃใขใงๅใไธใใใใใใญใธใงใฏใใฎ็บ่ถณใฏๅคงใใชๅ้ฟใๅผใณใพใใใ ใใใใใใใฏใใคใใณใณโใซใจใฃใฆๆๅใฎๅคฑๆใจใชใใใตใผใใน้ๅงใฏ้
ใใใตใผใใน้ๅงๆฅใซใฏใกใใฃใขใฎ็ฑใๅทใใฆใใพใใพใใใ
ใใคใใณใณโใฏ2000ๅนดใฎๅพๅใซใตใผใในใ้ๅงใใใพใใใ ใทใผใฉใณใใฎ็ๅฎคใจใใคใใณใณใผใฎ็ตๅถ้ฃใฎ้ใซใฏใใฆใผใถใผใฎ่จฑๅฎน็ฏๅฒใใใใๅ้กใงใใใซๆ่ฆใฎ็ธ้ใ็ใใพใใใ ใตใผใใน้ๅงใฎ็ฟๅนดใซใฏใๅตๆฅญ่
ใงใใCEOใๅไบบ็ใชๅ้กใงใขใกใชใซใซๅธฐๅฝใใฆใใพใใจใใใใใใณใฐใใใใพใใใ 2002ๅนดๅพๅใใใคใใณใณใผใฎCTOใ้บๆชใช้ฐๅฒๆฐใฎไธญใงไผ็คพใๅปใใพใใใ 2003ๅนดใใชใฝใผในใๆฅ้ใซๆฏๆธใใใใจใใใใใคใใณใณใผใฏ่งฃๆฃใใพใใใ
2006ๅนด6ๆใใทใผใฉใณใใฎ็บ้ปๆฉ1ๅบใฎๆ
้ใซใใ็บ็ซไบๆ
ใ็บ็ใใพใใใ ็ใฏใใฃใจใใ้ใซ็บ้ปๆฉๅฎคใฎๅปบๅฑใ็ผใๅฐฝใใใๅๅดใใใญๅ
จไฝใๅ
ใฟ่พผใฟใพใใใ ใทใผใฉใณใๅธๆฐใฎไธไบบใ้ฟ้ฃใใใใใใใฏใใใฃใทใฃใ ็ฉบ่ปใใๆๅฉใใชใณใใฟใผใๆดพ้ฃใใใพใใใ ็ฉบ่ทฏใง็
้ขใซๆฌ้ใใใๅฝผใฏใ็
ใๅธใฃใฆใใใใๆฒป็ใๅใใพใใใใใใฎๆฅใฎใใกใซ้้ขใใพใใใ ๅ
ฌๅฝใฏใ่ฑๅฝ็ฉบ่ปใฎๆตท้ฃๆๅฉ้ใจ่ฏๅฅฝใช้ขไฟใ็ฏใใฆใใใใทใผใฉใณใ่ฆๅกใใ่ฒ ๅท่
ใ็ฉบ่ผธใใ่จ็ทดใ้ทๅนดใซใใใฃใฆ็ฉบ่ปใซ่จฑๅฏใใฆใใพใใใ
ใใฎๅพใ10ไบบไปฅไธใฎใใผใ ใใ็ซ็ฝใซใใ่ขซๅฎณใฎๆคๅปใจไฟฎๅพฉใซใใใใพใใใ
ไปๆฅใฎๆฐ็ๆ ๅ ฑ
ไปๆฅใใทใผใฉใณใใฏใ่ช็ฑใ่ชๅทฑๆฑบๅฎใๅ้บใจใใๅ ฑ้ใฎๅฒๅญฆใ้ใใฆๅฃ็ตใใใไธ็ไธญใใ้ใพใฃใๆดปๆฐใใใณใใฅใใใฃใ็ต้ใใฆใใพใใใใฎใณใใฅใใใฃใ็บๅฑใใใใใใซใ็งใใกใฏใทใผใฉใณใใฎใใผใใซใฟใคใใซๆงๆณใ่ชใใใใซๆไพใใฆใใพใใใใใฏใ็งใใกใฎไฟกๅฟตใๅ ฑๆใใไธ็ไธญใฎใในใฆใฎไบบใใ็งใใกใฎใณใใฅใใใฃใซๅๅ ใใๆๆ็พฉใงๆฅฝใใๆนๆณใงๆญฃๅผใซใตใใผใใ็คบใใใใฎใชใผใใณใชๆๅพ ็ถใงใใใใฎใคใใทใขใใใฏใ่ฆๅกใฎ็ถญๆใปๅ็ใซๅคงใใ่ฒข็ฎใใๆชๆฅใฎไธไปฃใฎใใใซ็ใฎ่ช็ฑใฎ็ ฆใๅฎใใใจใซใคใชใใใพใใ็ด60ๅนด้ใใทใผใฉใณใๅ ฌๅฝใฏใไธ็ไธญใฎไบบใ ใฎๆณๅๅใใใใใฆใใๆดปๆฐใซๆบใกใใใคใใใใฏใชๆๅใ็ฏใใฆใใพใใใไปๆฅใใใฎๆๅใฎไธ้จใฏใใใทใงใใซในใใผใใใผใ ใใ็ใพใใพใใใไปๆฅใใทใผใฉใณใใฏใใพใใพใๅคใใฎในใใผใใงๅฝ้็ใช็ซถไบใใใฆใใพใใใขใกใชใซใณใใใใใผใซใงใฏใ็ทๅญใฎใทใผใใผใฏในใจๅฅณๅญใฎใทใผใใผใฏในใฎ2ใใผใ ใๆดป่บใใฆใใพใใๅคใซใฏใใทใผใฉใณใใใใคใฎใชในใพใงใฎใใฃใชใใฃในใคใใณใฐใคใใณใใ้ๅฌใใใใฎไบบๆฐใฏๅนดใ ้ซใพใฃใฆใใพใใใทใผใฉใณใใฎ็ใฎๅ้บ็ฒพ็ฅใซๅบใฅใใ็ปๅฑฑใใผใ ใฏใใใพใงใซใใจใใฌในใใๅซใ7ใคใฎๆ้ซๅณฐใฎใใก4ใคใฎ้ ไธใซใทใผใฉใณใใฎๆใๆฒใใฆใใพใใใพใใใซใผใชใณใฐใใขใคในใใใฑใผใ้ท่ท้ข่ตฐใงใใทใผใฉใณใใฎๆใๆฒใใใใผใ ใๆดป่บใใฆใใพใใๆ่ฟใงใฏใใใญใใฏใใงใผใณใชใฉใฎWeb3ๆ่กใๆดป็จใใฆใใใ้ๆๆงใฎ้ซใๅๆฃๅๆฟๅบใๅฎ็พใใๆนๆณใๆจก็ดขใใใฌใใใณในใซๅฏพใใๆฐใใ้ฉๆฐ็ใชใณใณใปใใใๅใๅ ฅใใใใจใซๅใๆณจใใงใใพใใใใฎใใใชๆๅ ็ซฏใฎใใผใซใๆดป็จใใใใจใงใใทใผใฉใณใใฏใ็งใใกใฎใณใใฅใใใฃใไปฃ่กจใใใตใผใในใๆไพใใ่ฝๅใๅไธใใใๅไบบใๆๆๆฑบๅฎใใญใปในใซใใฃใจ็ฉๆฅต็ใซๅๅ ใงใใใใใซใใๆฉไผใๅพใใใจใใงใใพใใใใใฏใใทใผใฉใณใใใใใๅ ฌๅนณใงใชใผใใณใชๆฐใใใฌใใใณในใฎใใคใชใใขใจใใฆไฝ็ฝฎใฅใใๅฏ่ฝๆงใใใใไธ็ไธญใฎใใๅคงใใช่ช็ฑใไฟ้ฒใใใฎใซๅฝน็ซใคใใจใๆๅพ ใใฆใใพใใ็งใใกใฏใๅฐ็ไธใงๆใ็ฐๅขใซๅชใใๅฝใฎใฒใจใคใจใใๅฐไฝใ็ฒๅพใใฆใใพใใ้ปๅใฎ99.9๏ผ ใฏใ้ขจๅ็บ้ปๆฉใจใฝใผใฉใผใใใซใ็ตใฟๅใใใ่ช็ถใจใใซใฎใผใงใพใใชใใใฆใใพใใใพใใๆทกๆฐดใฎไพ็ตฆใฏใในใฆใๅ ฌๅฝใฎ่ฑๅฏใช้จ้ใใๅพใฆใใพใใ
